For example, between 1645 and 1715 (a period astronomers call the "Maunder Minimum") the sunspot cycle stopped; the face of the Sun was nearly blank for 70 years. An Increase In The Solar Constant Increased Albedo Of The Ice Caps Opaqueness Of The Atmosphere To Infrared Light Photosynthesis Of Plants, Especially In The Amazon . Irradiance is sometimes referred to as flux and is a measurement of electromagnetic energy from the sun. C 42. The solar constant also drifts by 0.2% to 0.6% over many centuries, according to scientists who study tree rings. The value of the solar constant indicated by 30 years of observation by the Smithsonian Institution is revised in the light of the scale correction announced in 1952 and new solar spectral-irradiance data for outside the earth's atmosphere obtained by the Naval Research Laboratory. The 11 year solar radiation cycle, as well as small increase in TSI since 1750, appear in some studies to be correlated with variations in cloud patterns. B 1357 W/m2. The solar output is very nearly constant, as shown in the plot below. Solar cell power engineer technician checks the maintenance of the solar panels. The instruments have measured with such accuracy that scientists have been able to detect tiny variations in TSI that occur with the solar … Manned space exploration to locations such as the Earth's Moon or the planet Mars also have to take into account the solar constant for these regions. But, these changes in solar energy absorbed by the Earth appear to be far too small to explain the major changes in our climate. B 32. View Answer Answer: 32 11 In the paraboloid dish concept, the concentrator tracks the sun by rotating about 2.What objects/ surfaces have the highest albedos?a.Albedo is the ratio of the light … Thenumber of sunspots also has undergone substantial changes from decade to decade andfrom century to century. A 22. 9 The value of Solar Constant is A 1347 W/m2. Since 1978, satellite instruments have allowed solar scientists to make extraordinarily precise TSI measurements to check just how "constant" the solar constant actually is. Solar irradiance is the power per unit area received from the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation as measured in the wavelength range of the measuring instrument. It has been shown (1) that the solar 'constant', as a percentage of its current value of 1373 W m-2, can be described as [1 + 0.4(1 - t/4.7)]-1. where t is the time in billions of years since the creation of the solar system. But there are other aspects of the Sun's activity that are not constant, as indicated by the changing sunspot activity. So in 4.7 billion years from now, the Sun would be about 67% 'hotter', in … D 52. Getty. D 1377 W/m2. See the answer. The solar constant is calculated by multiplying the sun's surface irradiance by the square of the radius of the sun over the average distance between the Earth and the sun. View Answer Answer: 1367 W/m2 10 The sun subtends an angle of _____ minutes at the earth’s surface. This problem has been solved! The range of variation is about 0.2%, so reproducible that it is often referred to as the "solar constant". This along with a 10% increase in the solar constant every 10,000,000,000 years can have dramatic impacts on Earth's climate in regional areas such as the sea or on a global basis over time. What things appear on the Sun to increase solar output and cause the solar constant to not beconstant?a.Changes in the solar constant are caused by changed in the numbers of sunspots. These small changes can affect Earth in a big way. What is the cause of the "Greenhouse Effect" in the Earth's atmosphere? 2 per cent, but after about 6 billion years the solar constant will be about 3 times its present value. C 1367 W/m2. 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