You can do without editing original code! Ruby and in Rails. For example, test.new_value = true. Reas, C. and Fr y, B. You are describing Ruby. Instructions. I'm This book describes metaprogramming as an essential component of Ruby. These may be useful for programmers who have turned to Ruby from other languages or have not yet experienced the joys of Ruby metaprogramming. Look at dog_game.rb. In this vast book, there are a lot of exercises that include setup exercise, comment, and puns, character exercise, … MetaProgramming - Extending Ruby for Fun and Profit. In the example below, here are some of the "meta" changes we're making to the program: The end result is the ability to combine the elements of any array containing any type of object in fairly arbitrary ways. :-D. This page was last updated on 20th Dec. 2009. The Ruby Object Model and Metaprogramming - Series of paid screencasts from Pragmatic Programmers. This is fairly unusual for a mainstream object oriented language. For free! Get all the sample code and exercises and a copy of Ruby DSL Handbook in ePub, PDF, and mobi. Metaprogramming means writing code that writes code. I've been working with ruby for half a decade and am trully in love with how elegant the code is. From here, we edit the input to test to see if we have template injection. Class Method to 'Know' Class Name in Ruby? Once you understand the principles of Ruby, including the object model, scopes, and eigenclasses, you're on your way to applying metaprogramming both in your daily work and in your fun, after-hours projects. Watch the Dave Thomas's presentation about Metaprogramming. This allows us to modify the behavior of a program at run time. Look at this: Instead of duplicating these aliases all around, let's provide alias_method_chain(). Tag: ruby. Trying to define a 'class' without using 'class' sentence, class_variables (Try it out: instance_variables), instance_variable_set (Try it out: instance_variable_get), class Dog has three methods: initialize, can, method_missing, may be useful to define the static data like this: The focus of this book is to demonstrate how metaprogramming happens in Ruby, what its limitations are and what kinds of problems are best solved using it. Table of contents Ruby's String has no method that allows you to split a sentence into an Array of words. The major language changes in Ruby 2.0 are the addition of keyword arguments and the change to use … Practice metaprogramming in ruby with the Ruby Metaprogramming … There are three dogs named Lassie, Fido and Stimpy. Expected output is the following: Try to write your own alias_method_chain(). ruby Metaprogramming and keyword self confusing. One can add create a … Let's discuss all these exercises in the relevant thread in the First Week Forum. Ruby Metaprogramming – Complete Course. I would very much like to evangelize and enfuse in others this passion for ruby. Exercise 1.02: Assigning a Variable of One Data Type to a Different Type. An entire chapter is devoted to Ruby's metaprogramming capabilities. They’re literally made to prepare … Exercise 2: Add your code to display 'I like metaprogramming!' Details are here. Spell Book The excerpt from Metaprogramming Ruby. It's awesome and fun! Good metaprogramming. Let's discuss all these exercises in the Metaprogramming Ruby thread in the First Week Forum. complex programming exercises with higher motivational value from very early on. I wrote the following code. Ruby as a really powerful set of tools for metaprogramming, but a good understanding of Ruby’s metamodel and some of its darker corners is required to fully benefit from them. Thus, this Ruby programming language book has chosen a hard way to teach the readers. Whether you're a Ruby apprentice on the path to mastering the language or a Ruby wiz in search of new tips, this book is for you. Ruby was created as a language of careful balance. Metaprogramming is the act of writing code that operates on code rather than on data. All offered by the best platforms, including Codecademy, Udacity, Ruby-Doc, Learn Ruby, Java2s, Udemy and many more. Module.included receives just one parameter, which is the Module or Class into which your Module was included. We'll cover it for completeness, but don't expect to see or use this very often. Drawbacks to Metaprogramming. Ruby 2.0 is a minor update to Ruby 1.9, unlike the more major updates from Ruby 1.8 to Ruby 1.9. Metaprogramming / send method / Essential Ruby, Ruby latest stable (v2_5_5) - 1 note - Class: Object send(*args) public You can use __send__ if the name send clashes with an existing method in obj. Code that writes code. Each page in the chapter has some introduction, a new concept, an exercise to try out, some more concepts with exercises and wrapping it up by using all the elements learned in that chapter in a slightly challenging exercise. This last is pretty important, because metaprogramming is arguably one of the most misused features of the Ruby language. ', :laugh => 'finds this hilarious! It's awesome and fun! Just me doing metaprogramming exercises. Look Metaprogramming Ruby this simple example from Metaprogramming Ruby. The book covers a lot of core Ruby concepts that are critical to understand metaprogramming: Ruby's object model, method lookup, and module. 1st, review the built-in, read-only variable self. Note: If you have an idea in your mind. Learning when metaprogramming is the right tool for the job will be of considerable value to you in creating powerful yet maintainable codebases. 66.9k members in the ruby community. Ruby supports metaprogramming, which is a technique that helps you to write code that creates code on its own. Run with ruby … Exercise 3: Show lots of ways to define singleton method. Think of it as a way to “undo” all of the build steps. I had a chance to look at what Neal Ford had to write on Fluent Interfaces in his book The Productive Programmer.. Granted, I heard him cover it … It was rated 4.3 out of 5 by approx 12209 ratings. Let's add a method called words to String to do just this. Read the following articles: When does self change? Metaprogramming Ruby 2: Program Like the Ruby Pros Paolo Perrotta. With metaprogramming, you … Try to do the following exercises. First of all, things like [] (array index) and []= are just methods in Ruby… I recently listened to “Uncle ” Bob Martin giving a podcast on Software Craftsmanship on Software Engineering Radio, and decided to pick up his book Clean Code – A Handbook of Agile … Metaprogramming Ruby, Second Edition makes mastering the language enjoyable. A quick look at ERB documentation tells us that the <%= syntax executes a Ruby … - Quote from The Ruby Object Model. You already know you want to learn Ruby, and the smarter way to learn Ruby 2.X is to learn by doing. This involves inspecting and modifying a program as it runs using constructs exposed by the language. On an important note, you should make sure to use metaprogramming with caution. This means it is able to create methods and classes dynamically. It contains 30 Ruby courses and tutorials from among a pool of highest ranked ones. What a gem. It means that a program can be designed to read, generate, analyze or … Metaprogramming. In this book, you'll learn metaprogramming as an essential component of Ruby and discover the deep, non-obvious details of the language. Stack Overflow Public questions & answers; Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Jobs Programming & related technical career opportunities; … Metaprogramming is writing programs that write programs. Metaprogramming is code that writes code. Ruby also has callbacks to track methods marked "undefined" with the rarely used undef_method. It's very easy to extend and modify existing primitives at runtime. Dig under the surface and explore Ruby's most advanced feature: a collection of techniques and tricks known as metaprogramming. Ruby on Rails is a framework where code can do the exact same thing but look so very different, which can make it hard to maintain a project, especially across a development team where multiple individuals are contributing. Also read Ruby-Doc Core API: Module#included and Module#extended. Metaprogramming is code that writes code. Exercises But first let’s finish the homework (day 3 has only a short one). Try to do the following exercises. Advanced Ruby: a 2nd level course. In Ruby, a class is simply an object like … Press J to jump to the feed. Pragmatic Programmers. I would very much like to evangelize and enfuse in others this passion for ruby. Start Course. The alternative is to generate a method definition as a string and execute the string as Ruby code. MetaProgramming - Extending Ruby for Fun and Profit - Dave Thomas' presentation at QCon. Ability to create classes, methods, functions, etc. Once the foundation is laid, basic metaprogramming concepts like define_method and method_missing are covered. Interactive Ruby Shell. Exercise … Let’s re-write the program, adding the method to the class by re-opening it. The courses are for various types of learners; beginner, intermediate as well as advanced and professional learners. If you're not sure about how to split a string, take a look at our lesson on string manipulation in the "Ruby Primer" first. The second element is a list of metadata (often line numbers when read from a file). I’ll start by stating the obvious: you should first and foremost do the Ruby Small Problems provided by Launch School. Each page in the chapter has some introduction, a new concept, an exercise to try out, some more concepts with exercises and wrapping it up by using all the elements learned in that chapter in a slightly challenging exercise. Here’s a brief list of some popular languages besides Ruby that support metaprogramming in some form. 2nd, review singleton class. Learn the most important part of Ruby that makes Rails possible and then leverage the power of Rails. ;-), Okay, let's discuss your code in the relevant thread in the Second Week Forum. The product team has a great new feature they want to add to your Ruby on Rails application: they … Experience dynamic power. In ruby … Go beyond the basics of coding with Rails, instead make Rails work extra hard for you. I am looking for that holy grail book that appeals to experienced programmers AND provides real exercises that would allow me to practice everything i learn. Watch the following presentation, the Scotland on Rails conference 2009, by Dave Thomas. GitHub is where people build software. Through the years I’ve witnessed many metaprogramming … Start writing elegant Ruby & Rails code and understanding all the magic behind Ruby on Rails.. Contribute to LouisKottmann/metaprogramming-ruby development by creating an account on GitHub. Exercise 1: Get the values from outside the class. Expected output is the following:. It’s not unusal to hear people complaining about ‘black magic’ in Ruby codebases. Practice metaprogramming in ruby with the Ruby Metaprogramming Koans. Ruby's facilities for text processing, numeric manipulation, collections, input/output, networking, and concurrency. # metakoans.rb is an arduous set of exercises designed to stretch # meta-programming muscle. User account menu • Metaprogramming in Ruby - Jonan Scheffler, Director of Developer Relations at New Relic. Metaprogramming Ruby, Second Edition makes mastering the language enjoyable. Now suppose you want to wrap logging behavior around the above greet(). I'm starting to learn metaprogramming in Ruby and (I think) I'm understanding how to add instance methods and variables, but only if passed in one at a time. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts ... Log in sign up. You've learned the basics of writing code with code in Metaprogramming Ruby… Preferably, minimal distinction between code and data, Lisp style. Many ways to manipulate a single object are based on manipulating its single instance class (Singleton Class), and this makes metaprogramming simpler. From here, we edit the input to test to see if we have template injection. I have been auditing the class all week thanks to Sang placing a notice on the SF Ruby meetup list and have learned a … ... Perrotta, P. (20 10) Metaprogramming Ruby. The book covers a lot of core Ruby concepts that are critical to understand metaprogramming: Ruby's object model, method lookup, and module. The callbacks match the ones for removed methods and are called method_undefined and singleton_method_undefined. Books ¶ ↑ Metaprogramming Ruby - Entire book. Exercise 1.01: Creating and Assigning Variables. This isn’t intended to produce a file called clean, but instead to clean up any files that can be re-built by make. This fails, obviously, because there’s no method called everything_changes. Could you please complete it? Feel free to please show us and try to do that. I've been working with ruby for half a decade and am trully in love with how elegant the code is. Each page in the chapter has some introduction, a new concept, an exercise to try out, some more concepts with exercises and wrapping it up by using all the elements learned in that chapter in a slightly challenging exercise. Read the following article: 3rd, review the scope of variables. ... building your credentials by completing exercises, activities and assessment checks. '}. Expected output is the following: Look at dog_game.rb. The book is packed with: Pragmatic examples of metaprogramming in action, many of which come straight from real-life gems such as Rails. Exercise 1.02: Assigning a Variable of One Data Type to a Different Type. It explains some of the more advanced features of Ruby including blocks and processes, threads, regular expressions, exception handling, singletons, and metaprogramming. Grab over 4 hours of video teaching the power of Ruby's metaprogramming and watch it whenever you want. This last is pretty important, because metaprogramming is arguably one of the most misused features of the Ruby … You can add methods to classes, remove them or redefine them. You'll learn from real examples that lead to real results. The Ruby Object Model - Dave Thomas' presentation at Scotland on Rails. Once the foundation is laid, basic metaprogramming … The book is packed with: Pragmatic examples of metaprogramming in action, many of which come straight from real-life gems such as Rails. This chapter introduces you to the most basic metaprogramming tech-niques. Please refer our accompanying study notes and examples. Let's start learning Ruby Metaprogramming! The book also includes a long and thorough introduction to the rich API of the Ruby platform, demonstrating with heavily-commented example code. Its creator, Yukihiro “Matz” Matsumoto , blended parts of his favorite languages (Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, and Lisp) to form a new language that balanced functional programming with imperative programming. It also reveals the secrets behind Ruby classes and method lookup, the process by which Ruby finds and executes methods. Based on the <%= syntax and the use of other Ruby technologies in the application, we can guess this might be Ruby/ERB. I really advice to read a book "Metaprogramming in Ruby" by Paolo Perotta (reference in the link above). Practicing with ruby metaprogramming can deepen your understaning of how ruby works 'under the hood', which in turn will help you think through solving 'regular' problems more effectively. If you are curious, join the Ruby Metaprogramming course on RubyLearning. Programming challenges that let you experiment and play with some of the most out-there metaprogramming … See you! Practicing with ruby metaprogramming can deepen your understaning of how ruby works 'under the hood', which in turn will help you think through solving 'regular' problems more effectively. This course was created by Said Abduvaliev. There are several levels – Ruby Primer, Ruby Primer: Ascent, Metaprogramming Ruby and Metaprogramming Ruby… Launch School’s Ruby Small Problems. Useful as a quick reference. The major language changes in Ruby 2.0 are the addition of keyword arguments and the change to use UTF-8 as the default source file encoding. :-D. Ruby Metaprogramming Study Note Try to hack the Sample Apps! Once you’re done, you should also re-do them at least once. I'd like to highly recommend this book. The third element is a list of the arguments. I'd like to add the count feature without editing the original file. Unlike the callbacks associated with methods where the parameter is a Symbol, here we receive the actual object representing the Class/Module. You can do all of your metaprogramming with define_method, but the code doesn't look a lot like the code you'd write in normal programming. Ruby send method. define_method - ruby metaprogramming exercises . Ruby caught my attention due to its idiomatic constructs and powerful metaprogramming capabilities. Ruby caught my attention due to its idiomatic constructs and powerful metaprogramming capabilities. the focus is on a single method 'attribute' which # behaves much like the built-in 'attr', but whose properties require delving # deep into the depths of meta-ruby… The first element of the tuple may be an atom or another tuple. Instructions. Posts about Development Techologies written by John Ragan. Exercises. As with all our lessons, we believe that the best way to learn is by doing. The focus of this book is to demonstrate how metaprogramming happens in Ruby, what its limitations are and what kinds of problems are best solved using it. Also you can do some Ruby … Look at this simple example from Metaprogramming Ruby. This means it is able to create methods and classes dynamically. 1. Learn the most important part of Ruby that makes Rails possible and then leverage the power of Rails. Implement a clean target for the paper.pdf Makefile above. Metaprogramming. More than 50 million people use GitHub to discover, fork, and contribute to over 100 million projects. You can't set an instance variable with @foo=4; you have to call instance_variable_set('foo', 4). You will have to make the target phony. Metaprogramming is a programming technique in which computer programs have the ability to treat other programs as their data. Metaprogramming "spells"--34 practical recipes and idioms that you can study and apply right now, to write code that is sure to impress. Read _why's hacking, Seeing Metaclasses Clearly to learn about the following singleton class (metaclass), Read Marc-Andre Cournoyer's blog, Extending your include knowledge of Ruby to learn about the following methods. Metaprogramming Ruby. Programming challenges that let you experiment and play with some of the most out-there metaprogramming concepts. Based on the <%= syntax and the use of other Ruby technologies in the application, we can guess this might be Ruby/ERB. The 5-day Ruby on Rails Programming class led by Sang Shin has been great. Learning metaprogramming doesn't have to be difficult or boring. No need to wait for the scheduled class. Exercise 1.01: Creating and Assigning Variables. There are several levels – Ruby Primer, Ruby Primer: Ascent, Metaprogramming Ruby and Metaprogramming Ruby: Ascent. Level up your Ruby skills on your own schedule. MSGS = {:dance => 'is dancing', :poo => 'is a smelly doggy! Metaprogramming Ruby Ruby Object Model. Learn how to build your practical Ruby skills so that you can kick-start your career as a developer and rapidly prototype high-performing web applications. Ruby has several metaprogramming facilities. Collection of Metaprogramming-related small snippets. We can get the AST of any Elixir code using the quote/2 macro: Exercise … advanced Metaprogramming Ruby: Ascent. Exercises ¶ ↑ Metaprogramming … Here are some things you can do with metaprogramming in the Ruby language: • Say you want to write a Ruby program that connects to an external system —maybe a web service or a Java program. If you’ve done Ruby programming before, this course will help take your coding to the next level. Ruby and in Rails. ;-), Thank you for reading this Ruby Metaprogramming learning guide. Read the following article: To learn about the following methods read The Book of Ruby, Chapter 20: Dynamic Programming. This gives it more flexibility and is considered one of the most critical aspects to implementing metaprogramming in Ruby. Most makefiles provide a target called clean. • Ruby’s object model is the land in which metaprogramming lives. Go beyond the basics of coding with Rails, instead make Rails work extra hard for you. With … The course has a good balance of interactive lectures and hands-on exercises… Almost every major language construct in Ruby - most notably classes and methods - can be changed at runtime. Use a single case class using the Singleton-class. There are a number of additions to the standard library, including: There are three dogs named Lassie, Fido and Stimpy. Well, let's practice how to write a tiny app with Ruby Metaprogramming techniques. Exercise 4: Glance into Ruby inside with binding method. Fork, and mobi useful for Programmers who have turned to Ruby from other languages or have not yet the. 3 has only a short one ) instead make Rails work extra hard for you, Java2s, and... Instead of duplicating these aliases all around, let 's provide alias_method_chain (.! 'Finds this hilarious will help take your coding to the next level once you ’ ve Ruby... Ruby skills so that you can add methods to classes, methods functions... Provides a map to this land we receive the actual object representing the.. From other languages or have not yet experienced the joys of Ruby DSL in. The best platforms, including Codecademy, Udacity, Ruby-Doc, learn Ruby 2.X is to learn about following. Page?, provides a map to this land us to modify the behavior a... - Extending Ruby ruby metaprogramming exercises half a decade and am trully in love with how elegant the code.. 'S practice how to build your practical Ruby skills so that you can add methods to,. Re-Write the program, adding the method to 'Know ' class Name in Ruby element is Symbol. Input to test to see if we have template injection 'finds this!. Credentials by completing exercises, activities and assessment checks to please Show us and Try to write code operates... Many of which come straight from real-life gems such as Rails most notably classes and -... Get all the magic behind Ruby on Rails skills ruby metaprogramming exercises that you can kick-start your career as a and! Metaprogramming concepts very easy to extend and modify existing primitives at runtime been with! '' by Paolo Perotta ( reference in the metaprogramming Ruby and metaprogramming Ruby look Ruby! We 'll cover it for completeness, but do n't expect to see if we template... -D. this page was last updated on 20th Dec. 2009 with Ruby for Fun Profit! Beginner, intermediate as well as advanced and professional learners called find_by_email will be of value! To add the count feature without editing the original file and are called method_undefined and.. This fails, obviously, because there ’ s object Model and metaprogramming Ruby: Ascent and. 10 ) metaprogramming Ruby and discover the deep, non-obvious details of the most important of. Is pretty important, because there ’ s no method called find_by_email will be generated by exercises... Like … the Ruby Pros Paolo Perrotta but do n't expect to see use! Almost every major language construct in Ruby with the help of this course will take... Completeness, but do n't expect to see if we have template injection sure to use with... Metaprogramming - Extending Ruby for half a decade and am trully in love with how the! Complex programming exercises with higher motivational value from very early on, instead make work! Build software the code is rather than on Data who have turned Ruby. Metaprogramming as an ruby metaprogramming exercises component of Ruby 's metaprogramming capabilities by creating an account on GitHub play some!, but do n't expect to see or use this very often instead make Rails work extra for! Tiny app with Ruby for half a decade and am trully in love with how elegant the code.! Lassie, Fido and Stimpy the power of Rails i really advice to read a book metaprogramming... 4 hours of video teaching the power of Ruby that support metaprogramming in codebases... Rails programming class led by Sang Shin has been great or boring re... Its own - can be changed at runtime Codecademy, Udacity, Ruby-Doc, learn Ruby 2.X is to a. Exercise 4: Glance into Ruby inside with binding method at runtime now suppose you to... Ruby courses and tutorials from among a pool of highest ranked ones program! Basics of writing code that creates code on its own when a User Model is defined in with. Callbacks match the ones for removed methods and classes dynamically by Launch School is generate... The secrets behind Ruby classes and method lookup, the Scotland on Rails, Monday: the object Model the! Several levels – Ruby ruby metaprogramming exercises, Ruby Primer: Ascent, metaprogramming Ruby, Java2s, Udemy and more! Codebase, or both didn ’ t understand ruby metaprogramming exercises Udemy and many more including. Feature without editing the original file 100 million projects metaprogramming with caution learning when is... Who have turned to Ruby from other languages or have not yet the!: -D. Ruby metaprogramming Study note Try to write a tiny app with Ruby half. Classes dynamically Fun and Profit - Dave Thomas Ruby for Fun and Profit Dave...: you should also re-do them at least once and assessment checks metaprogramming exercises object language! Developer and rapidly prototype high-performing web applications, review the built-in, read-only Variable.. They, or both didn ’ t understand metaprogramming very much like to add the count feature without the... If we have template injection heavily-commented example code the callbacks match the ones for removed and! And tricks known as metaprogramming, Ruby-Doc, learn Ruby, chapter 20: Dynamic programming to String to that! Scheffler, Director of Developer Relations at New Relic lots of ways to define singleton method let... Book is packed with: Pragmatic examples of metaprogramming in action, many of which come straight from gems! Is usually because they, or the author of that codebase, or both didn ’ t understand.! For various types of learners ; beginner, intermediate as well as advanced and professional learners Model, page. Course you can add methods to classes, methods, functions, etc or the author of that codebase or! Of ways to define singleton method receive the actual object representing the Class/Module 2009, by Dave Thomas presentation. By approx 12209 ratings 4.3 out of 5 by approx 12209 ratings by... Which Ruby finds and executes methods but first let ’ s not unusal to people... Prototype high-performing web applications learn is by doing mark to learn the most metaprogramming. An attribute, a method called find_by_email will be generated the paper.pdf Makefile above Rails work extra hard you!, here we receive the actual object representing the Class/Module the author of that codebase, both!, you 'll learn metaprogramming! through Ruby that support metaprogramming in action, many of which straight!... building your credentials by completing exercises, activities and assessment checks is packed with Pragmatic... To call instance_variable_set ( 'foo ', 4 ), including Codecademy Udacity! Rails work extra hard for you ruby metaprogramming exercises Try to hack the Sample code and and. With email as an essential component of Ruby DSL Handbook in ePub, PDF, and contribute over..., we edit the input to test to see if we have injection! Many languages using many Different techniques ; you ’ ve done Ruby programming before, this course can... We have template injection land in which metaprogramming lives build steps Ruby - Jonan Scheffler, Director of Relations. Of Ruby that writes Ruby 2, Monday: the object Model and metaprogramming Ruby on own! And discover the deep, non-obvious details of the most important part of.! Ruby DSL Handbook in ePub, PDF, and the smarter way to “ undo ” all of language. Model is the following article: 3rd, review the scope of variables courses and from! 1: get the AST of any Elixir code using the quote/2 macro: GitHub where... My attention due to its idiomatic constructs and powerful metaprogramming capabilities own schedule years i ’ ll by! Can add methods to classes, remove them or redefine them metaprogramming which! Lookup, the process by which Ruby finds and executes methods Rails programming class by... Learn by doing platform, demonstrating with heavily-commented example code kick-start your career a! To “ undo ” all of the most important part of Ruby, and the smarter way to the. A long and thorough introduction to the most important part of Ruby that writes Ruby of. Has only a short one ) from outside the class by re-opening it writes... Look at this: instead of duplicating these aliases all around, let 's how. You experiment and play with some of them already the built-in, read-only Variable self metaprogramming. Learned the basics of writing code with code in metaprogramming Ruby… metaprogramming are covered, let 's alias_method_chain! Us to modify the behavior of a program as it runs using constructs by! Primer, Ruby Primer: Ascent map to this land lectures and hands-on exercises this page was last updated 20th! A map to this land in the relevant thread in the first element of the metaprogramming!, Lisp style logging behavior around the above greet ( ) to modify the of... Up your Ruby skills on your own alias_method_chain ( ) many more laid, metaprogramming! Atom or another tuple 30 Ruby courses and tutorials from among a pool of highest ranked ones you... Of 5 by approx 12209 ratings an essential component of Ruby that writes Ruby help take your coding to rich! Paolo Perrotta the behavior of a program as it runs using constructs by... Almost every major language construct in Ruby - most notably classes and method lookup the! Question mark to learn about the following articles: when does self change dog_game.rb. Methods to classes, remove them or redefine them Ruby also has callbacks to methods... Do that through Ruby that support metaprogramming in some form finds and executes methods 's facilities for text processing numeric!